Kuwait Court of Cassation principle number 985

The offence of circulating counterfeit or forged paper currency provided for in Article 264 of the Penal Code. The criterion for its establishment: where the perpetrator puts the counterfeit or forged currency into circulation by any means whatsoever. Dealing in a single note is sufficient for circulation to occur. - 266 - Penal matters - Circulating currency for the first time is equivalent to circulating currency previously circulated. It is complete when the currency is accepted in a transaction. - The number of notes put into circulation has no effect on the penalty for circulation. - Circulation is a felony independent of counterfeiting or forgery. Criminal intent therein. Its establishment. By the perpetrator’s will being directed towards dealing in the paper currency with knowledge of its counterfeiting or forgery. The judgment’s express and separate discussion of this intent. Not necessary. The condition for that. - The accused’s knowledge of the counterfeiting or forgery. Its inference is for the trial court. Example. (16) Counterfeiting seals and unlawfully obtaining a seal (Articles 274 : 280)