Kuwait Court of Cassation principle number 3523

The superior's liability for damage caused by his subordinate's unlawful act. Its basis is presumed fault on the superior's part. It suffices that, administratively, he exercises supervision and direction. This is not required from the technical standpoint. The injured party's knowledge that the subordinate was exceeding his duties or acting on his own account. Its effect. Absence of the superior's liability. The basis thereof. Inferring and negating this knowledge. Within the trial court's authority.