Judicial principle — Kuwait Court of Cassation

Kuwait Court of Cassation principle number 3309

State of Kuwait · Commercial and Labour — Volume 9 · Ministry of Justice — Court of Cassation — Technical Office

English translation of the principle

The seller's reservation, upon sale, of the right to recover the sold property in exchange for repayment of the price and expenses. Its implication. It is a sale with a right of redemption. The contract is deemed a loan secured by a possessory pledge and is subject to all provisions governing possessory pledges, including the nullity of an agreement to acquire ownership of the sold real property, for the seller's protection. - The judgment's characterization of the contract as a loan secured by a possessory pledge, as inferred from its clauses and the clauses of the lease drawn up between the same parties concerning the same real property that is the subject of the sale contract, and the fact that the female appellant did not repay the price and expenses within the period specified in the leasing agreement, namely one year. And its making repayment of the price a condition for the nullity of the sale of the real property, contrary to the meaning of Article 508 of the Civil Code, which did not stipulate this, meaning that nullity in this case attaches to the contract from its inception merely upon the seller's reservation of the right to recover the sold property in exchange for repayment of the price to the purchaser, and this nullity is not lifted or removed upon sale so that it becomes valid pursuant to this provision. Its ruling on that basis dismissing the action. A violation of the law and an error in its application requiring its cassation.
Arabic original
احتفاظ البائع عند البيع بحق استرداد المبيع في مقابل رد الثمن والمصروفات. مفاده. أنه بيع وفاء. اعتبار العقد قرضاً مضموناً برهن حيازي وتسري عليه جميع أحكام الرهن الحيازي بما فيها بطلان الاتفاق على تملك العقار المبيع حماية للبائع. - تكييف الحكم للعقد بأنه قرض مضمون برهن حيازي بما استدل عليه من بنوده وبنود عقد الإيجار المحرر بين ذات الطرفين على ذات العقار محل عقد البيع وأن الطاعنة لم تقم برد الثمن والمصروفات خلال المدة المحددة باتفاقية التأجير وهي سنة. وجعله رد الثمن شرطاً لبطلان بيع العقار خلافاً لمدلول نص المادة ٥٠٨ مدني التي لم تشترط ذلك بما مؤداه أن البطلان في هذه الحالة يلحق العقد منذ نشأته بمجرد احتفاظ البائع بحقه في استرداد المبيع في مقابل رد الثمن إلى المشتري ولا يرتفع هذا البطلان أو يزول عند البيع فينقلب صحيحاً تطبيقاً لهذا النص. قضاؤه بناء على ذلك برفض الدعوى. مخالفة للقانون وخطأ في تطبيقه تُوجب تمييزه.
Original Arabic judgment citations

(الطعن ٤٤٧/٢٠٠٣ تجاري جلسة ١٢/٥/٢٠٠٤ مج القسم الخامس - المجلد التاسع ص ٥٣١)

Source: Court of Cassation legal principles collection — Commercial and Labour — Volume 9 — Ministry of Justice — Court of Cassation — Technical Office. Printed page 559. PDF pages: 559.

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