Arabic source examples:

State of Kuwait · Statutory text

Article 319 of Commercial Code

English translation

1 - If the broker appoints another person to perform the work entrusted to him without being authorized Law Index 1298 Home Page Commercial Law Decree-Law No. 68 of 1980 Promulgating the Commercial Law to do so, he shall be liable for the substitute's acts as though they were his own, and the broker and his substitute shall be jointly and severally liable. 2 - If the broker is authorized to appoint a substitute without the substitute's identity being specified, the broker shall be liable only for his fault in selecting his substitute or for his fault in the instructions he issued to him. 3 - In all cases, the person who contracted with the broker and the broker's substitute may each have direct recourse against the other.
Arabic original
١ - إذا أناب السمسار غيره في تنفيذ العمل المكلف به دون أن يكون مرخصا له في ذلكَ، كان مسؤولاً عن عمل النائب كما لو كان هذا العمل قد صدر منه هو، ويكون السمسار ونائبه متضامنين في المسؤولية. ٢ - وإذا رخص للسمسار في إقامة نائب عنه دون أن يعين شخص النائب، فلا يكون السمسار مسؤولاً إلا عن خطئه في اختيار نائبه أو عن خطئه فيما أصدره له من تعليمات. ٣ - وفي جميع الأحوال يجوز لمن تعاقد مع السمسار ولنائب السمسار أن يرجع كل منهما مباشرةً على الآخر.

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