Kuwait Court of Cassation principle number 734

The offence of fraud. Committed through the perpetrator's defrauding the victim to induce him to hand over property in his possession by employing fraudulent methods. Fraudulent methods. Their nature. Article 231 of the Penal Code. Assertions and false statements, however emphatically their speaker affirms their truth, do not constitute fraudulent methods unless accompanied by external acts that induce the victim to believe their truth. - 206 - Penal Law