Article 391 of Civil Code

1 - Payment of the debt shall be made by the debtor, and may also validly be made by a person entitled to legal subrogation to the creditor pursuant to Article 394. 2 - Payment may also validly be made by a third party, even without the debtor's knowledge or against his will, provided that the creditor may refuse payment by the third party if the debtor objects thereto and communicates that objection to the creditor. - In all cases, the creditor may refuse performance by anyone other than the debtor if the agreement stipulates, or the nature of the obligation requires, that the debtor perform it personally. Article (392 (1) 1 - For payment to be valid, the payer must own the thing with which payment is made and have capacity to dispose of it. - Nevertheless, payment by a person of diminished capacity of a thing due from him shall be valid if the payment causes him no harm. - If the debtor pays a debt owed to some creditors during his death illness, and his property is insufficient to pay all his debts, and payment of the debt consequently harms the remaining creditors, the payment shall not be effective against those remaining creditors.