Article 129 of Code of Civil Procedure

The period for challenging a judgment shall commence on the date of its issuance unless the law provides otherwise. This period shall commence on the date the judgment is served upon the party against whom it was rendered in cases where that party failed to attend all hearings scheduled for consideration of the action and did not submit a memorandum of defense, and likewise if that party failed to attend and to submit a memorandum at all hearings following the resumption of the action after its consecutive progress had ceased for any reason.. The period shall also commence on the date of service of the judgment if a cause for interruption of the proceedings occurred, even after the close of pleadings, and the judgment was issued without joining the person replacing the party who died, lost capacity to litigate, or ceased to have the relevant capacity. The judgment shall be served upon the party against whom it was rendered personally, at their original domicile, or at their workplace. The period shall also run against the person who served the judgment. Failure to observe the periods for challenging judgments shall entail forfeiture of the right to challenge, and the court shall rule on forfeiture of its own motion. Article 130 (1) The period for challenge shall be suspended by the death of the party against whom the judgment was rendered, their loss of capacity to litigate, or the cessation of the capacity of the person conducting the proceedings on their behalf. Suspension shall cease only after the judgment is served upon the heirs at the last domicile of their deceased predecessor, or upon the person replacing the person who lost capacity to litigate or whose capacity ceased. If the remainder of the period for challenge is less than ten days, it shall be extended to ten days, unless the prescribed period for challenge is shorter, in which case the remaining period shall be extended to complete that period.